Irreducible chain : An irreducible Markov chain is a type of mathematical model known as a Markov chain, which is a way of representing transitions between a set of states. In an irreducible Markov chain, it is possible to get from any state to any other state in a finite number of steps. One example […]

Inverse Bernoulli sampling : Inverse Bernoulli sampling is a method for randomly selecting a binary outcome with a specified probability. This is typically used in situations where we want to simulate a random event, such as the outcome of a coin toss or the success/failure of a particular operation. To perform inverse Bernoulli sampling, we […]

Invariance : Invariance is a concept in mathematics and physics that refers to the property of certain quantities or equations remaining unchanged or unchanged under certain transformations or operations. This concept is important in a wide range of fields, including geometry, algebra, mechanics, and electromagnetism. One example of invariance is the concept of Euclidean distance […]

Intrinsic error : Intrinsic error, also known as systematic error, is a type of error that is inherent in the measurement process. This means that the error is not due to random factors, but rather it is consistently present in the measurement, resulting in a systematic bias in the data. One example of intrinsic error […]

Intraclass contingency table : An intraclass contingency table is a statistical tool used to analyze the relationship between two or more categorical variables within a single group or “class.” This type of table is commonly used in research studies to evaluate the consistency and agreement among multiple ratings or observations of a particular phenomenon or […]

Interviewer bias : Interviewer bias refers to the tendency of an interviewer to favor certain candidates over others based on personal biases and preferences, rather than objective criteria. This can result in unfair and unequal treatment of job applicants, ultimately leading to the selection of less qualified individuals for a position. One example of interviewer […]

Intervention Analysis In Time Series : Intervention analysis is a statistical method used to identify and analyze the effects of interventions on time series data. An intervention is a planned change in the system being studied, such as a change in policy or the introduction of a new treatment. The goal of intervention analysis is […]

Interval-censored observations : Interval-censored observations refer to data where the exact value of a variable is not known, but rather a range within which the value is believed to fall. For example, consider a study on the lifespans of a particular species of bird. If a researcher were to observe a bird that is estimated […]

Interruptible designs : Interruptible designs are a type of system or design that allows for the interruption of a process or operation in order to perform a higher priority task. This is often used in computing and control systems in order to efficiently allocate resources and prioritize tasks. One example of an interruptible design is […]

Interrupted time series design : An interrupted time series design is a type of quasi-experimental research design in which a treatment or intervention is applied to a population at a specific time, and the effect of this intervention is measured by comparing the changes in the outcome variable(s) before and after the intervention. This design […]