Determinism
- Events and actions are viewed as the outcomes of prior causes in an unbroken chain.
- Human decisions are treated as effects of preceding causes rather than as independent, uncaused choices.
Definition
Section titled “Definition”Determinism is the philosophical belief that all events, including human actions, are ultimately determined by prior causes and cannot be changed.
Explanation
Section titled “Explanation”Determinism holds that every action and decision results from a chain of prior events that leads to the present moment. The concept is illustrated by the principle of cause and effect: each action produces consequences that are determined by preceding causes. Determinism also appeals to the unchanging natural laws (for example, laws of physics) as factors that dictate the behavior and outcomes of events. This position has been debated among philosophers for centuries, with opposing views emphasizing free will and choice.
Examples
Section titled “Examples”Cause and effect (everyday decision)
Section titled “Cause and effect (everyday decision)”If I decide to eat a slice of pizza, I will feel full and satisfied as a result. This outcome is determined by the cause of my decision to eat the pizza.
Natural laws (physics)
Section titled “Natural laws (physics)”If I throw a ball into the air, it will fall back to the ground due to the force of gravity. This outcome is determined by the laws of physics and cannot be altered.
Related terms
Section titled “Related terms”- Free will
- Choice
- Cause and effect
- Laws of physics