James-Stein estimators : James-Stein estimators are statistical methods that are used to improve the accuracy of point estimates. These estimators are named after Charles James and William Stein, who first developed them in the 1950s. One example of a James-Stein estimator is the shrinkage estimator. This estimator is used when there are multiple data points […]

Jackknife : Jackknife is a statistical method used to estimate the bias and variance of a population statistic. It involves repeatedly leaving out one or more observations from a dataset and calculating the statistic of interest on each subset. The estimates from each subset are then compared to determine the overall bias and variance of […]

Jaccard coefficient : The Jaccard coefficient is a measure of similarity between two sets of data. It is calculated by taking the intersection of the two sets (the number of elements that are common to both sets) and dividing it by the union of the two sets (the total number of unique elements in both […]