Classification : Classification is the process of organizing and grouping data into categories based on shared characteristics or features. It is a common method used in machine learning and data analysis to group data points into distinct classes. One example of classification is in email spam detection. In this case, the data points are emails […]

Circular Random Variable : A circular random variable is a type of random variable that takes on values that lie on the circumference of a circle. This type of variable is commonly used in situations where the values of the variable are angles or directions, such as in the study of wind direction or the […]

Circular Distribution : Circular distribution refers to the distribution of a variable that is evenly distributed around a central value. This type of distribution is commonly seen in data that is symmetrical, with the same number of values on either side of the central value. One example of circular distribution is the distribution of the […]

Circular data : Circular data is a type of data that is represented by values that range between 0 and 360 degrees. It is commonly used in fields such as meteorology, astronomy, and geography to represent angles and directions. One example of circular data is wind direction. In meteorology, wind direction is typically measured in […]

Circadian variation : Circadian variation refers to the natural changes in an individual’s physiological and behavioral processes that occur on a daily basis. These changes are regulated by the body’s internal clock, which is influenced by environmental cues such as light and temperature. One example of circadian variation is the sleep-wake cycle. Most individuals experience […]

Chow test : Chow test is a statistical test used to determine whether there is a structural change in a regression model. It is commonly used in econometrics and time series analysis to determine whether a change in the underlying model has occurred, and if so, at what point the change took place. Here’s an […]

Choleski decomposition : Choleski decomposition is a numerical method used in linear algebra to decompose a symmetric, positive definite matrix into the product of a lower triangular matrix and its transpose. This decomposition is named after André-Louis Choleski, who first published it in 1918. To illustrate Choleski decomposition, let’s consider the following 3×3 matrix: A […]

Choi-Williams distribution : The Choi-Williams distribution is a probability distribution that is used to model the time it takes for a Poisson process to first exceed a certain threshold. In other words, it describes the time it takes for a process that is characterized by random events occurring at a constant rate to reach a […]

Chi-squared test for trend : The Chi-squared test for trend is a statistical test used to determine if there is a significant relationship between two variables. This test is commonly used in the fields of sociology and psychology to examine the relationship between two categorical variables. To perform a Chi-squared test for trend, the first […]

Chi-Square Test : The Chi-Square test is a statistical test used to compare observed data with expected data. It is commonly used to determine if there is a significant difference between the two sets of data. For example, let’s say a researcher wants to test if there is a significant difference in the number of […]