Scala
What is Scala : Scala is a programming language that was designed to be concise and expressive, while also being able to scale and support a variety of programming paradigms. It was created by Martin Odersky in 2004 and has gained popularity due to its ability to blend object-oriented and functional programming concepts. Here are […]
Sampling Error
What is Sampling Error : Sampling error refers to the difference between the characteristics of a sample and the characteristics of the population from which it is drawn. It is a natural occurrence in any sampling process and can impact the accuracy and reliability of the results obtained from the sample. One example of sampling […]
Rotational invariance
What is Rotational invariance : Rotational invariance is a property of a physical system or mathematical equation that remains unchanged under rotations. This means that if a system or equation exhibits rotational invariance, it will not be affected by rotations in any way. There are many examples of rotational invariance in physics, but we will […]
Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE)
What is Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) : Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) is a measure of the difference between the predicted value and the actual value of a quantity. It is used in a variety of fields, including statistics, machine learning, and engineering, to evaluate the performance of predictive models. The RMSE is calculated […]
Residual
What is Residual : Residual refers to the remaining or leftover value or amount after certain calculations or processes have been completed. It can be used in a variety of contexts, including finance, statistics, and engineering. One example of residual is in the field of finance, specifically in the calculation of capital expenditures. Capital expenditures […]
Resampling
What is Resampling : Resampling is a statistical method used to analyze and understand a dataset by generating new samples from it. It allows for the estimation of statistical properties, such as mean and variance, and can be used to test hypotheses, assess model performance, and select the best models for a given dataset. There […]
Relational Database
What is a Relational Database : A relational database is a type of database that stores data in a structured format, using tables and relationships between them. It is called “relational” because the tables are related to each other through common columns, known as keys. An example of a relational database is a customer database […]
Reinforcement Learning (RL)
What is Reinforcement Learning (RL) : Reinforcement learning (RL) is a type of machine learning that involves teaching an agent to make decisions in an environment in order to maximize a reward. The agent learns through trial and error, receiving positive or negative reinforcement based on its actions and their consequences. RL algorithms can be […]
Regularization
What is Regularization : Regularization is a technique used in machine learning to prevent overfitting, which is when a model fits too closely to the training data and performs poorly on unseen data. There are two main types of regularization: L1 and L2. L1 regularization, also known as Lasso, is a method that adds a […]
Regression analysis
What is Regression analysis : Regression analysis is a statistical technique used to examine the relationship between two or more variables. It is often used to predict the value of one variable (the dependent variable) based on the value of another variable (the independent variable). For example, consider a company that wants to understand the […]